feat: Add comprehensive documentation for integration layer, API design, config governance, observability, build/deploy, and testing strategies
- Introduced integration layer design with Resilience4j for external vendor calls. - Established API design standards with unified response structures and global exception handling. - Defined configuration and service governance using Kubernetes native solutions. - Implemented observability practices including trace ID propagation and structured logging. - Outlined build and multi-environment deployment strategies using Gradle and GitLab CI/CD. - Specified testing strategies across different layers, utilizing JUnit, MockK, Testcontainers, and WireMock.
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# 03. 持久层方案
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## 决策
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Spring Data JPA + Hibernate 作为默认 ORM,Flyway 做 schema 迁移。
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选 JPA 而不是 MyBatis-Plus / jOOQ,主要考虑:
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- Kotlin + Spring Boot 生态里 JPA 是最主流、文档和踩坑资料最多的组合,团队上手成本低。
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- 大部分 domain 模块(`identity-store`、`webview-ticket` 等)都是常规 CRUD + 少量关联查询,JPA 默认能力够用;真的遇到复杂查询,用 `Specification` 或原生 SQL(`@Query(nativeQuery = true)`)兜底,不需要为了少数复杂查询把整个技术栈换成 jOOQ。
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- 如果某个 domain 后续查询复杂度明显上升(比如报表类需求),可以在那个模块单独引入 jOOQ 只处理复杂查询,两者不互斥。
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## 结构约定
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```
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platform-persistence/
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BaseEntity # 审计字段:createdAt/updatedAt/createdBy/updatedBy,各 domain entity 继承
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PageResult<T> # 统一分页返回封装
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JpaAuditingConfig # 开启 Spring Data JPA Auditing
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domains/xxx/
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src/main/kotlin/.../xxx/infrastructure/persistence/
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XxxEntity # JPA entity
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XxxJpaRepository # : JpaRepository<XxxEntity, Long>
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src/main/resources/db/migration/xxx/
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V1__init.sql # Flyway migration,按 domain 分子目录
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```
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## `BaseEntity` 示例
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```kotlin
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// platform-persistence/src/main/kotlin/.../BaseEntity.kt
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@MappedSuperclass
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@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener::class)
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abstract class BaseEntity {
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@CreatedDate
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@Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
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var createdAt: Instant = Instant.EPOCH
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@LastModifiedDate
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@Column(nullable = false)
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var updatedAt: Instant = Instant.EPOCH
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@CreatedBy
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@Column(updatable = false, length = 64)
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var createdBy: String? = null
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@LastModifiedBy
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@Column(length = 64)
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var updatedBy: String? = null
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}
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// platform-persistence/src/main/kotlin/.../JpaAuditingConfig.kt
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@Configuration
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@EnableJpaAuditing(auditorAwareRef = "auditorAware")
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class JpaAuditingConfig {
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@Bean
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fun auditorAware(): AuditorAware<String> = AuditorAware {
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Optional.ofNullable(StoreContextHolder.currentUserIdOrNull()?.toString())
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}
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}
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```
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`auditorAware` 直接读 [04-security-auth.md](./04-security-auth.md) 里的 `StoreContextHolder`,避免每个 domain 各写一份"当前操作人是谁"的逻辑。
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## Entity + Repository + Migration 示例(`identity-store` 里的门店表)
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```kotlin
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// infrastructure/persistence/StoreEntity.kt
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@Entity
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@Table(name = "store", schema = "identity_store")
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class StoreEntity(
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@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
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val id: Long = 0,
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@Column(nullable = false, length = 128)
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var name: String,
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@Column(name = "code", nullable = false, unique = true, length = 32)
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var code: String,
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@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
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@Column(nullable = false, length = 16)
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var status: StoreStatus,
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) : BaseEntity()
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@Repository
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interface StoreJpaRepository : JpaRepository<StoreEntity, Long> {
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fun findByCode(code: String): StoreEntity?
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fun findByStatus(status: StoreStatus): List<StoreEntity>
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}
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```
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```sql
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-- src/main/resources/db/migration/identity_store/V1__init.sql
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create schema if not exists identity_store;
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create table identity_store.store (
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id bigint generated always as identity primary key,
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name varchar(128) not null,
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code varchar(32) not null unique,
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status varchar(16) not null,
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created_at timestamp not null,
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updated_at timestamp not null,
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created_by varchar(64),
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updated_by varchar(64)
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);
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```
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Flyway 版本号(`V1`、`V2`…)在同一个 schema 目录下按提交顺序递增,不同 domain 目录之间的版本号互相独立,互不干扰。
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## 跨 domain 数据访问规则
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**每个 domain 独立 schema**:即使同一个数据库实例,各 `domains/*` 的表也归属各自 schema,不允许跨 domain 直接 `join` 表——需要数据时通过对方模块暴露的 `application` 层接口调用,保持模块边界(即使将来要拆分微服务,DB 层面也不用重新拆分)。
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```kotlin
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// 错误示范:workbench 直接 join identity_store 的表
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@Query("""
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select w from WorkbenchTileEntity w
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join StoreEntity s on s.id = w.storeId -- 跨 schema 直接 join,禁止
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""")
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fun findTilesWithStoreInfo(): List<WorkbenchTileEntity>
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// 正确做法:workbench 通过 identity-store 暴露的接口获取门店信息
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@Service
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class WorkbenchAppService(
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private val storeQueryService: StoreQueryService, // identity-store 模块对外暴露的接口
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private val tileRepository: WorkbenchTileRepository,
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) {
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fun listTiles(userId: Long): List<TileResponse> {
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val stores = storeQueryService.listStoresByUserId(userId) // 走 application 层调用,不查表
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val tiles = tileRepository.findByUserId(userId)
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return buildTiles(tiles, stores)
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}
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}
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```
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## 附录:为什么坚持"每个 domain 独立 schema"
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模块化单体最容易被破坏的地方就是数据库——代码层面 Gradle 依赖规则挡住了跨 domain import 类,但如果两个 domain 的表都在同一个 schema 下,写 SQL 的时候很容易"顺手 join 一下",这条规则完全不受编译器约束,只能靠约定。所以我们把 schema 拆开:`workbench` 的 `DataSource` 配置的默认 schema 是 `workbench`,即使有人手滑写了一条跨 schema 的 join,大概率会因为找不到表或者权限问题直接报错,把"容易被绕开的软约束"变成"大概率会失败的硬约束"。
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代价是:如果确实需要跨 domain 做一次性数据修复或报表查询,不能简单写 SQL join,要么走各自暴露的接口拼装,要么走专门的数据同步/报表管道——这是有意为之的摩擦,用来保护长期的模块边界。
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## 待补充
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- 具体数据库选型(PostgreSQL/MySQL)和实例划分方式(同实例多 schema,还是多实例)。
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- 复杂查询是否引入 QueryDSL/jOOQ(`Specification` 不够用时再决定)。
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- 各 domain 的实际表结构,等开发到对应模块时再补。
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## 参考链接
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- [Spring Data JPA 官方文档](https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/reference/)
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- [Flyway 官方文档](https://documentation.red-gate.com/fd)
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- [Spring Data JPA Auditing](https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/reference/auditing.html)
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